"God's Word to God's People"
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Summary: In Romans 9:1-13 Paul begins to show how God will keep His promises to Israel through the “children of the promise” who God chooses.
Cancelled?
Cancelled?
Are God’s promises to Israel cancelled?
Jews/Israelites are not guaranteed receiving the promised blessings by their nationality.
But God promised those blessings to the Jews/Israel, didn’t he? Yes, and as a whole (vv. 4-5).
In other words, if God promised certain things to Israel as a whole, why are some Israelites not going to receive them?
Was it partially true… or not true at all?
What is Paul sad about? (vv. 1-5)
What is Paul sad about? (vv. 1-5)
He is not biased against the Jews in what he has written… if anything, he is biased for them (vv. 1-3).
No matter how he feels, the majority of Israel are accursed (dedicated to destruction) because they rejected Christ (v. 3)
John 1:11 “He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him.”
There’s something even more significant then Paul’s feelings (vv. 4-5).
“adoption” - as a chosen nation, they are sons, He is their Father (Exod. 4:22–23; Deut. 14:1–2; Isa. 63:16; 64:8; Jer. 31:9; Hos. 11:1; Mal. 1:6; 2:10)
“glory” - God’s glory revealed, God displaying Himself in glorious ways
“covenants” - to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, and David
“law” - Mosaic, on Mount Sinai
“worship” - sacrifices, priesthood, tabernacle/temple
“promises” - the fulfillment of it all (in anticipation of), the Messiah and His Kingdom
“patriarchs” - fore-fathers from whom they descended
“Christ” - His lineage honored by His birth
All of this was given specifically to Israel. But none of it can be enjoyed by all of Israel… Or can it?
Was God telling the truth?
Why has God’s Word not failed? (vv. 6-13)
Why has God’s Word not failed? (vv. 6-13)
There are 2 Israels (v. 6b).
“ἐξ [from] Ἰσραὴλ οὗτοι [this] Ἰσραήλ”
Nation/true, physical/spiritual
Who is true, spiritual Israel?
Not just offspring/descendants - for example, not Ishmael, but somehow through Isaac (v. 7; Genesis 21:12). And notice, they will be “named” - called (vv. 28, 30).
How will they be called through Isaac? (v. 8-9, Genesis 18:10) - through the promise - it was through Isaac that the promise continued. What promise? The promise to Abraham (Genesis 12:2–3 “And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”). What do you do with a promise? Accept/believe, or not
Paul told us who the “children of the promise” are (Romans 4:13–25; Galatians 3:26–29 “for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s offspring, heirs according to promise.”).
So those who have faith (no matter their nationality), are “children of the promise.” He even uses the word “counted” (Romans 4:1–12). And remember, You can be a circumcised Jew without being a circumcised Jew (Romans 2:28–29).
“Not only so” (v. 10) - more to say about true Israel. Again, not just offspring/descendants - for example, Jacob and Esau, twin brothers - we learn something more about true Israel through their example. It wasn’t about being a descendant, they were both descendants, it was about being chosen, God chose Jacob, not Esau (vv. 12-13; Genesis 25:23; Malachi 1:2-3), why did Jacob become Israel and not Esau, God’s choice, why did God choose Jacob and not Esau, no reason or condition is given, it was before birth, before doing anything (v. 11), why is it this way? to promote God’s election (v. 11), selection, choice, further qualified - not who earn it, but who He chooses, then calls (vv. 7; 8:28-30).
So, true, spiritual Israel (those who God will keep His word to) are…
Children of the promise (anyone).
Chosen by God.
Application
Application
We should care about unbelievers (10:1).
We should trust in God’s faithfulness.
We should accept God’s Sovereign will.
Benediction: Romans 11:33–36 “Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways! “For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor?” “Or who has given a gift to him that he might be repaid?” For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.”
Scripture Reading: Ephesians 2:11–22